When their days come with spikes, our children will turn to us. As the important adult in their world, you have a profound capacity to soften the sharp edges and bring their world back to safe enough. 

Whatever is happening around them, whether it is a natural disaster, a global crisis, world or family trauma, or a traumatic event that feels too close, your words and your presence can heal and strengthen them like nothing else.

But what if I say the wrong thing?

Don’t let the fear of saying the wrong thing stop you from saying something. Sometimes it’s hard to know the right things to say, but even if the words don’t land as you expected, you can always put things right again. What’s important is creating space for the conversations to happen.

Silence can be scary for children. Often, they’ll fill in the gaps themselves, or they’ll be more vulnerable to believing what they see or hear through friends or media, without us to help make sense of things for them.

There is no wrong way to have the conversation. Just start, and let the words come. Here are some things that might help.

How to talk to kids after trauma.

1. Ask them what they know, and make space for more.

Children will hear all sorts of things that sound like the truth, but which are actually blockbuster versions of something that is nothing like the truth. Even if they have heard the facts, those facts might be frightening if they aren’t in context or if they aren’t softened and contained by our calm and our wisdom. Once you’ve found out what they know, explore how they’ve made sense of it. 

‘There’s a lot of talk about what’s happening. What have you heard? What do you think it means? Is there anything you’d like to ask me? You can ask me anything at all.‘

Some kids might not want to talk, and that’s okay. Just let them know you are there if they need you, and that they can ask you anything and say anything — there’s nothing they can say or feel that you can’t handle. 

2.  Anxiety will focus them on the similarities. Steer them towards the differences.

To get a sense of what it all means for them, their minds will tend to focus on the similarities between themselves and the people affected. We can help them feel safe by steering them to the differences. The big difference is that with every day that goes by, we learn more about what’s happening and how to keep people safe, so our response becomes stronger and wiser.

‘We have information today that we didn’t have yesterday, and every day we are learning more about how to stay safe and make sure things like this don’t happen. There are already conversations happening about putting things in place that will keep us all safer.’

3.  If you can’t normalise the event, normalise how they feel about it.

Whether they feel anxious, confused, frustrated, angry, or nothing at all, their response must be normalised. Research has found that children are more likely to struggle with traumatic events if they believe their response isn’t normal. This is because they’ll be more likely to interpret their response as a sign of breakage. 

‘What happened was really scary. There’s no ‘right’ way to feel, and different people will feel different things. It’s okay to feel whatever you feel.’

4.  Be their brave.

However scary the world feels, the safety of you will always feel bigger. When our own hearts are calm enough, our children will catch this. If you are uncertain or anxious, try to tap into that part of you that knows they are safe enough. Before reassuring them, it’s important to acknowledge their feelings. When we open our hearts to what they are feeling, we can hold those feelings with strength, help them make sense, and hand them back in a way that feels more manageable.

‘I know this feels scary love, and I know we will be okay. I know that with everything in me.’ 

5.  Feel what you feel, and ‘add in’.

This is not about ‘not feeling’, but about ‘adding in’ – adding in courage, strength, confidence, gratitude. To anxiety, add courage. To uncertainty, add confidence that everything will be okay. To sadness about what’s wrong, add gratitude for what’s right. It’s okay for them to see you feeling anxious, uncertain or frustrated, as long as this is done from a position of strength. In fact, it can be healing for them because it opens the way for their own big feelings to breathe.

‘What happened was scary and sad and awful. I don’t know why it happened. I don’t think anybody does. What I do know is that there are lots of people working to understand how to stop something like this from happening and hurting so many people again. I also know that we are going to be okay. At the moment, it’s okay to feel sad or scared, and we’re going to be okay. I know that for certain. 

6.  Sit with them where they are, without needing it to be different for a while.

Whatever they are feeling, if you can sit with them in it for long enough for them to feel you right there, in it with them, they will be more likely to follow you into calm. The message we are sending by doing this is, ‘I can see the world the way you see it, and feel it the way you feel it, and even with that, I know we will be okay.’ Our reassurance becomes more believable when we start from where they are. 

7. Let them know they are held by many.

Let them feel the strength and safety of being part of something bigger – our common humanity. With this, they can feel held by collected wisdom and the will of all the world’s people to protect each other and make things better for everyone. 

‘There are experts who are really good at protecting us from things like this. They are working around the clock to make sure we are safe, and I trust them.’

8.  Put their anxious energy to work.

Anxiety is energy with nowhere to go, so give it somewhere to go. Sometimes there might be something physical they can do – donating some of their pocket money, or toys or clothes they don’t use anymore. Perhaps it’s helping out in some way. If the situation means there isn’t a way they can physically help, remind them that every day they can do things to help build a safer, kinder world. It starts with siblings, the kid next to them at school, the new kid on the soccer team. We remind them that the things they do and the way they are with people matters to build a kinder, safer, more caring family/ team/ classroom/ community, and eventually, world.

9.  Remind them, ‘We’ve been through tough things before, and we always get through.’

You might not have been through anything like what you are going through now, but whether it’s a natural disaster or a global trauma, the world has been through tough things before, and we’ve got through. We will get through this one too.

10.  You see, it’s like seatbelts …

During a crisis, the protective measures that are put in place can feel scary. This might come in the form of a heavier police presence, warning signs, new procedures. The more extreme the protections, the more they might be read as evidence that trouble is coming. Explain these as the things we do ‘just in case’, not confirmation that we are in trouble. 

‘You see, it’s like seatbelts. We don’t wear seatbelts because we expect something terrible to happen, but to keep us safe if something should happen. We’re really lucky to have things that help keep us safe.’

11.  Let the feelings come. And ask them …

If they’ve been directly affected, the world might feel especially frightening for a while. The only way through big feelings – grief, fear, anger – is straight through the middle. You don’t have to shut down their big feelings. Emotion is ‘e-emotion’ – energy in motion. It needs to move through them. The feeling of the feeling is part of the healing. As the adult who loves them so much, watching your young person in pain will feel brutal, and the helplessness can feel like it’s swelling you whole. Know that in these moments, it’s not about what you do, but about the presence of you.

Ask them, ‘Is there anything I can do that won’t make things worse?‘ If they don’t know, that’s okay. They might not even know what they need to feel better. What’s important is that you’ve lit their way to you.

12.  It’s always okay to say, ‘I don’t know.’

One of the hardest questions of all might be, ‘Why did this happen?’ or, ‘Why did they hurt so many people?’ If you don’t know, it’s always okay to say this.

‘I don’t know why people do awful things. What I do know is that most people are kind and good. Most people are just like us. People from different religions, different races, men, women, people who think differently to us – they are good people and they are just like us. They care like us. They are kind like us. They want the world to be safer, and kinder, and they do things to make sure of this – just like us. It’s why I feel safe. It’s why you can feel safe. Because most people in the world are kind and good, just like you.’

Avoid making it about race, gender, religion, or mental health. We want kids to feel held by a loving humanity, not scared of it. When bad things happen, in the scramble to find why, there will often be so much commentary around the event being driven by race, gender, religion, mental health – but this is rarely, if ever, the whole story. 

When mental health is given as a ‘reason’, we need to steer away from adding any more stigma to the conversation about mental health. This will only serve to make it harder for people who actually need support, to reach out for it. It’s not mental health that causes the problems. It’s undiagnosed, untreated, or mismanaged mental health that causes the problems. This is only going to be more likely, the more we talk about mental health problems as being the ‘reason’ for horrific events.

Don’t forget about you.

1.  You don’t need to look for the answer to their anxiety. You are the answer.

You might look for the right things to do or the right things to say to make things better for them, but the truth of it all is the answer has always been you. The world will always feel calmer and gentler in the space that exists because of you – because of your presence, your calm, your courage, your words, your wisdom. Everything you need to help them feel safe enough and brave enough is in you. 

2.  When out there feels ‘big’, come home to what you know to be certain.

When times feel uncertain or your own anxiety feels big, come home to the things that make sense. Come home to each other, to stillness, to play, to rest, and conversation. Come home to listening more openly and caring more deeply, to nature, and warm baths, and being more deliberate, to fighting for what we can control, and the soft surrender to what we can’t. Come home to stories, and music, and to the safety of your tribe. Come home to that part of you that is timeless, and strong, and still, and wise, and which knows that, like everything that has ever felt bigger than you for a while, you will get through this.

And finally …

This is a time for radical tenderness – for each other and for ourselves. You were built for this. Your best will be good enough, and on the days that you are far from your best, that will be good enough too. When we are faced with unfamiliar times, the things we ‘should’ be doing have to fall behind what we ‘need’ to be doing. And what we need to do is this. We need to hold them close, and leave space for playing, and talking, and listening and sleeping. We need to read with them, feel with them and laugh with them. And that will be enough, even on the messiest of days, or the ones that greet you when you are cranky, or exhausted, or ‘over it’.  Because you’re human – one of the good ones – and this is what being human looks like sometimes. It looks like messy houses, and breakfast food at dinner time, and too much screen time, and yelling or crying over things that won’t matter at all tomorrow. 

These times are unfamiliar and all we can do is whatever we can to get through. But if through this you love them big – they’ll get through this with their hearts, minds and spirits intact. And this won’t be because you did what you ‘should’ have done, or because you were perfect, or followed the rules or the schedules. It will be because you did enough of what they needed, enough of the time, and you did it for them.